A hedge of zinnia flowers along the roadside attracts our eye and tells us that something special is happening at 10700 30th Ave NE. Adjacent to the tennis courts at Nathan Hale High School, on land which belongs to Seattle Parks Department, gardeners meet to work together and share skills at the Meadowbrook Community Garden and Orchard.
The Meadowbrook Garden has a zinnia border along 30th Ave NE. Shown here are berry bushes and the tennis courts in the background. Photo by Valarie.
The American Elm is a species of tree native to the northeastern United States, and elms can also thrive in the temperate climate of the Pacific Northwest. Elms can grow to seventy feet high, with a wide-spreading canopy of branches which makes the tree beloved of the shade it provides.
Leaves of the American Elm tree
The majesty of the American Elm’s height and broad canopy may be the reason why a row of elms were planted in Cambridge, Massachusetts, in about the year 1700 alongside the town commons, a central gathering place.
On July 3, 1775, General George Washington came to Cambridge Common to address the assembled volunteers of the first American Revolutionary Army. It is very likely that General Washington stood in the shade of the elm trees at Cambridge Common that day.
Nearly 250 years later we still have four American Elm trees in Seattle which are George Washington Elms because they are descended from one of the original trees at Cambridge Common. One of these elm trees is on the site of the former Oriental Gardens plant nursery which had been owned by the Nishitani family, on NE 98th Street between Lake City Way NE and Ravenna Ave NE.
The events of the American Civil War, 1861-1865, occurred far, far away in the eastern USA but during those years residents of Seattle certainly were aware of the conflict.
In the decades after the Civil War, veterans tended to migrate westward and many came to Seattle. Their influence on Seattle is still being felt today.
Headstone of Captain Hoyt at Mt. Pleasant Cemetery on Queen Anne Hill. Seattle is rich with the history of Civil War veterans.
There is no exact pattern of what states these Civil War veterans came from, or what kinds of occupations they held in their years in Seattle after the war. Some veterans, like Captain John Marshall Hoyt of Wisconsin’s Iron Brigade, Union Army, did not arrive in Seattle until late in their lives, following adult children out to Seattle.
Civil War veterans in Seattle held all kinds of different jobs, some ordinary and some more prominent in their activities. As we trace the veterans we can see how they lived and how they left a legacy throughout Seattle and King County.
The majority of the Civil War veterans who came to Seattle, like Captain Hoyt, had fought with the Union Army, but there were some former Confederates who came to Seattle, too. This blog article is about a former Confederate soldier who made a new life in Seattle beginning in 1870.
Fall City is about 25 miles east of Seattle.
Americans have always been a people on-the-move. Every year numbers of Americans relocate for reasons of access to jobs, education or simply for a change of lifestyle to explore a different region and climate.
From the earliest years of the USA there was westward migration to find farmland and resources such as timber. In this blog post we will trace the migration of a Civil War veteran who gradually moved across the USA until he came to the Pacific Northwest. Augustus Marshall came to live in Fall City, Washington Territory in about 1887. Washington finally became a state in 1889.
During the American Civil War of 1861 to 1865, one of the pivotal battles was at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, over three days: July 1, 2, and 3, 1863. This titanic confrontation between Confederate troops commanded by Robert E. Lee, and the U.S. government troops of General George G. Meade, took place at a crossroads town at the north end of the Shenandoah Valley.
Battle Map of Day 3 at Gettysburg, July 3, 1863.
Gettysburg is only eighty miles north of Washington, D.C. General Lee had thought to bring his Confederate troops in a circular swoop down to invade the Federal capital, but the battle at Gettysburg put a historic stop to the plan.
The events of Gettysburg may or may not have marked a turning point in the Civil War, which would continue on for two more years, but Gettysburg is remembered as a significant battle for several reasons. A very large number of troops, about 170,000 total, engaged in the combat which was the largest battle ever fought on North American soil. After three days of bloody struggle, survivors were forever marked by their participation.
The events of the Civil War occurred far, far away from what was then the tiny village of Seattle in Washington Territory, but in decades to follow, Civil War veterans moved westward and some became influential citizens of Seattle. This blog article will tell of Horace Chapin Henry, a man who fought at Gettysburg and later became a significant contributor to his adopted city of Seattle.
The Thornton Creek watershed in northeast Seattle.
Thornton Creek, with two main branches north and south, flows in a southeasterly direction through north Seattle to the creek’s outlet at NE 93rd Street (Matthews Beach) on Lake Washington.
The North Branch originates in Shoreline, and the South Branch comes from the Northgate area. Many smaller tributaries join into Thornton Creek along the way, as both branches flow in an east/southeasterly direction towards Lake Washington.
At this writing I don’t know for sure who the creek system was named for. Perhaps an honorary name, even of someone who didn’t live in Seattle, was given to the creek. This is something for ongoing research.
The two major branches of Thornton Creek, north and south, have a convergence point called The Confluence along 35th Ave NE at NE 107th Street, just east of Nathan Hale High School. Meadowbrook Pond which has been created there at The Convergence, successfully slows the flow of water, controls flooding and filters sediment and pollutants out of the water.
Another water-quality filtration site is along the South Branch of Thornton Creek at Northgate. This blog article will tell how the Thornton Creek Water Quality Channel was created for the South Branch of the creek in 2004.
Looking north at the Water Quality Channel at Northgate, we see commercial buildings and apartments on the perimeter of the channel. Photo of Wikimedia, courtesy of Joe Mabel.
The Thornton Creek watershed extends eighteen miles through Shoreline and northeast Seattle, with its outlet into Lake Washington at about NE 93rd Street. The creek has two main branches, North and South, with many tributaries.
Meadowbrook Pond was created for holding and filtering water.
Just as it is today at Meadowbrook Pond at about NE 107th Street just east of 35th Ave NE, there is a convergence point of the two branches of the creek, in an area called The Confluence.
In the 1920s and 1930s when northeast Seattle was still very rural, there were fewer roads and developments to impede the flow of the creek. Downstream of The Confluence, southeast of NE 105th Street there would have been a much bigger flow of water in those days, especially in wintertime after heavy rains.
Matthew’s Beach is on Lake Washington at NE 93rd Street. In addition to the beach there are picnic and play areas overlooking the water.
In 1930 twenty-four-year-old Henry Land and his wife were living near NE 97th Street in northeast Seattle, where Thornton Creek flowed past on its way to what is now Matthews Beach. Henry worked as a mechanic at one of the car companies owned by John Matthews.
John Matthews had come to Seattle in 1910 and engaged in multiple businesses, including logging operations, car sales, and real estate, as well as his original vocation, the practice of law. In 1923 Mr. Matthews moved to a house on Lake Washington and became part of the northeast Seattle community, later to be called Meadowbrook and Matthews Beach.
Henry Land was concerned for his parents, living near Portland, Oregon and struggling with the lack of work during the 1930s Great Depression years of economic difficulty. Henry told Mr. Matthews about his father, Roy Land, who was an experienced teamster. The term “teamster” in those days meant someone who was skilled in harnessing and handling horses to pull wagons, farm equipment, road-grading or excavation equipment. Mr. Matthews agreed to give Roy Land a job if he came to Seattle.
Where is “Meadowbrook” in Seattle?
City of Seattle map of neighborhood
The Meadowbrook neighborhood in northeast Seattle derived its name from a golf course which was at the present site of Nathan Hale High School. This lowlands acreage with a creek running through it had once been part of the Fischer Farm. Meadowbrook Golf Course opened in 1931 on the valley of forty acres from NE 105th to 110th Streets, 30th to 35th Ave NE.
In 1960 the golf course was taken by “eminent domain” to become school property. Many in the neighborhood would have liked the new high school to be named Meadowbrook, but it was not to be; the school district’s naming system specified presidents like Roosevelt and historic figures like Nathan Hale.
The Meadowbrook name was kept in some local usage even after the golf course closed. Current Meadowbrook references are an apartment building on NE 110th Street, the swimming pool & community center at 10517 35th Ave NE, and the Meadowbrook Pond across from it on the east side of 35th Ave NE. In 1990 a community council was formed for the neighborhood, and today the Meadowbrook Community Council coordinates volunteer work and is a liaison with city info.
Today Meadowbrook is defined as one of the neighborhoods in the greater Lake City area of northeast Seattle. In a circle around the central Lake City business district are the neighborhoods of Victory Heights, Olympic Hills, Cedar Park and Meadowbrook.
Meadowbrook business district on NE 110th Street at the corner of 35th Ave NE.
The little community of Ravenna in northeast Seattle began to expand in the early 1900s. Population growth naturally moved in that direction as more people clustered near to the University of Washington.
Ravenna Park Bridge on 20th Ave NE, built in 1913.
The growth of northeast Seattle was further stimulated by a world’s fair event scheduled for the summer of 1909 to be held on the university campus. The fair, called the Alaska-Yukon-Pacific Exposition (AYPE), was of permanent benefit for the development of the campus, and it was the cause of nearby infrastructure improvements such as roads, bridges and streetcar lines.
In the run-up to the AYPE during the years 1906 to 1909, more real estate promotion was done in northeast Seattle which included plats of land divided into house lots.
Census and city directory listings show that in those years a lot of people migrated to Seattle to get in on its economic opportunities. It can be shown that some of the new arrivals were of “secondary migration,” immigrants who had been in other areas of the USA before coming to Seattle. Swan Swanson was one of those who had been born overseas, spent time in the Midwest states of the USA as a farmer and then came to Seattle as a carpenter and real estate dealer.
Wedgwood in Seattle History 